高一英语第四单元Travel (旅行)

高一英语第四单元Travel (旅行)

科目 英语
年级 高一
文件　high1 unit4.4.doc
标题 Travel (旅行)
章节 第四单元
关键词
内容
一、教法建议
【抛砖引玉】
　　同学们，你喜欢旅行吗？从祖国冰天雪地的北疆到风光旖旎的南国，从天山之麓到东海之滨，祖国的名山大川美不胜收。万里长城是中华民族魂的象征，多少游人足蹬长城激昂慷慨。冰天雪地的青藏高原，耸立着神圣的珠穆琅玛，有谁不慨叹它的巍峨与高大？波涛涌动的东海之滨，帆影点点，无数志士伟人赞叹它的雄奇与宽阔的胸怀，乘风破浪，直挂云凡济苍海。登山则情满于山，观海则意溢于海。看着那鲜花、碧草与冰雪为邻的别样景致，欣赏着白云从身旁飘过，羡慕着雄鹰在天空翱翔，真让人沉浸在美好的遐想中。如果你到了海边，你一定会感到海在笑，粼粼地笑，一片青苍辽阔的碧水，染透了深邃无边的翠色。在波涛上轻浮着的渔船，像是摇荡在波澜不惊的油画里。
　　从乌拉尔山顶的皑皑白雪到白令海峡的滔天海潮，从椰林飘香的印度支那半岛到冰天雪地的西伯利亚荒原，你想领略这一切吗？领略克里姆林宫的威严、感受日内瓦的温柔、欣赏波罗的海的惊涛骇浪、评鉴自由女神像的潇洒。无论是熙暖韵致的春，浓绿热忱的夏，冷清浪漫的秋，幽静洁白的冬，……每一片土地，每一处古迹都会给你一种无可名状的激情，一种源远流长的文明气息将充溢你的全身，渗入你的每一个细胞。
　　从本单元的课文中，我们了解到的是在不断的技术创新的动力支撑下，人类征服和超越自然环境、扩大和拓展人工自然的文明进程可谓是风帆高扬、凯歌行进；在当代大多数人的生存环境中，各种建筑物和街道所组成的人工建造的物质环境逐渐取代了由森林、河流、山川和平原所组成的自然环境，充满“田园牧歌”意味的自然环境正逐渐隐去，并退缩到人类意识的一个被遗忘的角落之中。然而就在社会生产力得到成百倍增加，社会生产方式发生巨大变迁，人口激增，工业化和城市化过程迅猛推进的同时，环境污染作为一种巨大的危机也开始第一次降临到人类的头上：到处是林立的烟囱和浓密的黑烟，浑浊的河流，遍地的工业废物，失去生机的大地和森林。农业时代的那种“落霞与孤骛齐飞，秋水共长天一色”的“田园牧歌”景色已不再有，人与环境和谐相处的那种“采菊东篱下，悠悠见南山”的自然审美情趣也逐渐远去，人类从此仿佛是踏上了一条远离养育自己的大地自然母亲的不归路。这一切难道不令人深思吗？
　
【指点迷津】
　A.单元重点新词读音归类
　　1.[ ] taxi bank parrot 2.[ ] airport reporter
　　3.[a：] guitar sharp Klarke 4.[ ]hotel bone
　　5.[ai] guide wild sight mile price 6.[ ] soil destroy
　　7.[ ]bank 8.[z]phrase
　　9.[ju：] future 10.[i：] centimetre weekend
　　11.[i] separate (adj.) taxi trip villager guitar centimetre destroy reporter
　B.单元重点新词透视
　　1.separate作形容是“单独的，各自的”，作动词是“分开，分离”。如：Bob will separate the bad apples from the good ones. 鲍勃要把坏苹果与好苹果分开来。He separated the boys from the girls.
　　Please cut it into three separate parts.请把它分成3份。Keep the onions separate from the bread or they\'ll make it smell.把洋葱和面包分开放，否则面包会有味儿。live separate分居。The children sleep in separate beds .孩子们分床睡的。
　
测试要点：
　　(1)搭配：separate…from…把……与……分开
　　(2)辨析：separate…from…与divide…into… separate含把原来结合在一起的、混合在一起的分开或者隔离。divide含把整体分成若干部分。如：Separate your things from mine./He divided the apple into halves. /The house is divided into four parts .这座房子被分作了四部分。
　　(3)taxi作名词是“出租车”，相当于taxicab, cab, 作动词是“坐出租车，用出租车送”。如：We taxied to the theatre.我们坐出租车去戏院。The visitors have been safely taxied to the hotel.客人们已被出租车安全送到旅馆。

测试要点：
　　(1)在一般现在时中，用在第三人称主语后或者作名词的复数：taxis=taxies
　　(2)搭配：take a taxi to +地点, by taxi乘出租车，go by taxi=go in a taxi乘记程车去，打的去，get in/into a taxi上出租车（注意不是get on ）,get out of a taxi下出租子（注意不是get off）。
　　(3)该词的现在分词是：taxiing=taxying。出租汽车驾驶员是：taximan。
　　3.weekend周末（星期六和星期日）。作动词是“度周末”。如：I don\'t work at weekends.（美语中用：on weekends）We are going for a long weekend to Paris.我们要去巴黎度一个长周末。（即从星期五至星期天或星期一） He weekended away from home last time.上次他离开家度周末了。
　
测试要点：区别：weekend与weekday
　　weekday周日（指除星期日以外或除星期日和星期六以外的日子），在周日。如：She works(on) weekdays .她平时天天上班。
　　4.guide作名词是“向导，导游者，领路人，指导者，指南，入门”，作动词是“为……领路，带领，引导，指导”。如：Experience is a good guide.经验就是很好的导师。a traveller\'s guide旅客指南，guide the boys in their studies指导孩子们学习。I know the place well, so let me be your guide.
　
测试要点：
　　(1)“对……的指导”的介词在测试中用to。如：a guide to English grammar英语语法向导，His book, A Guidde to Poultry Keeping, is to be published next month.他的《家禽饲养手册》下月就要出版了。
　　(2)不用“guide sb to do”应用“guide sb +in (into, through, towards…”。 如：
Our party leads us in building socialism./I guided the blind man to his seat./ He guided me through the thick forest.
　　5.sight作名词是“情景；风景；目光；视力；看到；视野”。作动词是“见到”。如：She lost her sight in an accident.她在一次事故中失明了。Keep out of my sight !别让我再看见你！
　
测试要点：
　　(1)搭配：have long/far sight远视。have short/near sight近视。have good/poor sight视力好/差。have one\'s sight tested视力检查。in sight可看得见的，在视线内。out of sight看不见的，在视程之外。catch/have /get sight of突然瞥见。at the sight of一看见……就。at first sight乍一看，第一眼。如：They ran away at the sight of the police .他们一看见警察就逃之夭夭了。I caught sight of her hurrying away.我瞥见她匆匆走了。
　　(2)作“风景”讲常用复数。如：The sunset was a beautiful sight.日落是很美丽的景象。John enjoyed seeing the sights of the West Lake.约翰很喜欢观赏西湖风景。
　　(3)辨析：sight, scenery, view, scene
　　sight指“景色”是可数名词时，往往指眼见的景色，如供人游览的“景”和“名胜”，但尤指人工制成的景。One of the beautiful sights is the castle.那城堡是美景中的一个。
　　scenery是个不可数名词，含不管是否映入眼帘的风景。The road passes through the most charming scenery.这条大路穿过极为迷人的风景区。
　　view和scene所表达的景色都是scenery中的一部分，往往指自然景色。如：Do you enjoy the ten famous views of the West Lake?你喜欢西湖十景吗？There is a lovely view from this window .从这个窗子可以看到一片秀丽的景色。There is a happy scene of children playing in the garden.孩子们在花园里玩耍，好一派欢乐的景象。
　　另外，scene还可指舞台的场景。
　　6.price是可数名词“价格，价钱”“代价”。当不表示物品的具体价格，而只表示“价格”的概念时是不可数名词。如：What\'s the price of this coat ?这件衣服多少钱？House prices are getting higher.房价在上涨。
　　注意该词名词复数的发音为[praisiz]
测试要点：
　　(1)价格分“高底”，物品分“贵贱”。如：（错）The price is expensive/cheap.
（对）The book is expensive/cheap.
　　(2)价格作主语时，疑问句不能用how much提问，应用What。如：What is the price of cabbages today ?=What price of cabbages today?今天洋白菜啥价？
　　(3)搭配：sell sth at a high/low price以高价或低价出售。at any price=at all costs不惜任何代价。pay a high price for为……付出很高的代价。above/beyond/without price无价之宝。
　　(4)区别：price, cost, value, worth, charge, expense
　　price定价（指卖方对物品所要求的价格，高于cost）
　　cost价值，成本（指对货物所付的一切代价，如制作、包装、运输等）
　　value价值（按人的主观判断对物品本身内在的有用评价）。如：I paid him $500 for the painting, but its real value must be about $50,000.
　　worth价值（指物体本身永远不变的价值，含着一定金额的数量，用法比较特殊）。如：sth be worth +ing（不用动名词的被动式和不定式）。“sth be well worth+钱”是“某物相当值钱”。
　　charge索价（指为其提供服务后所要求应付的价钱，常用句型：charge sb+钱+for sth。free of charge免费）
　　expense开支，花费（指对……的实际开支花费的金额，常用于：at the expense of , at one\'s expense以……为开支）
　　(5)询问价格有多种表达方式。如：这个你要卖多少钱？How much do you ask for (want for, sell) it ?=How much does this cost?=How much is this worth?=What does it cost?=What is this worth?=What\'s the price of this ?=What\'s your charge for this ?=What do you charge for this ?
　　(6)priceless是“无价之宝的，贵重的”=costly=valuable=invaluable=precious=dear。valueless是“不值钱的”。
　　7.destroy常作及物动词是“破坏，毁坏，打破……计划，消灭”。（反义词是：construct）如：All her hopes were destroyed.她所有的希望都破灭了。
　
测试要点：destroy, damage, destruction, break, ruin, spoil, wreck
　　destroy指剧烈的毁坏到不能再使用的程度。damage指造成的一定程度上的损失。destruction是不可数名词，如the destruction of a town。break可用于大小东西的损坏。ruin指天灾人祸般的彻底摧毁性。spoil指把事情弄糟。wreck指船、飞机、轮船等交通工具的摧毁。
　　8.but作介词“除了”（用于no, all, nobody, who, where等词之后）=except。如：All of them but /except me /I had been there before.除我以外，他们以前都到过那里。(用I时but是连接词)。next but one (two,…)隔一个（两个……）。last but one (two, three…)倒数第一（第二，第三……）。
　
测试要点：but前有实义动词及其变形时，but后的不定式在测试中省略to。如下面题的答案为C。
Last night I did nothing but TV.(A. to watch B. watched C. watch D. watching)
对比：The doctor told him nothing but to stop smoking.医生除了让他戒烟，其它什么都没有说。
　　9.phrase短语，习惯用语，词组，片语，措辞。（复数phrases[preiziz]）。如：a noun phrase名词短语，a prepositional phrase介词短语，an adjective phrase形容词短语，phrases and idioms习语和成语。如：The book is on the table.—“on the table”is a phrase这本书在桌子上──“在桌子上”是个短语。He spoke in simple phrases, so that the children understood him./He used so many scientific phrases that we did not understand him.
　　区别：phrase短语。expression表达，词句。idiom成语。proverb谚语。
　　10.future作名词“将来，未来”。作形容词“将来的，未来的”。如：Children are the future of our motherland.儿童是祖国的未来。It suggests a great future for our Party. 这表明我们的党有光明的前途。He decided that he would build his future home by a lake.他决定在湖边建造他未来的住宅。
　
测试要点：辨析in the future, in future, for the future
　　in the future = in time yet to come(常指遥远的以后)将来，今后。如：Who knows what will happen in the future?
　　In future = from now on（指从今以后不再……）。如：You must be careful in future.你今后可要多加小心。
　　for the future为了以后，为了将来。如：We study hard and gain more knowledge for the future.我们为了以后，要努力学习，获得更多的知识。
　
　C.单元重点词组扫瞄
　
　　1.in a few days\' time = in a few days = a few days away几天以后（与将来时连用）。after a few days几天以后（与过去时连用）。如：He will be back in a month.他一个月后回来。He came back after a month.他一个月后回来了。
　　注意区别下列各句：He will come back after six o\'clock.（具体指6点后）/He will come back in six hours.(约6个小时后)/He will come back in a week\'s time .（一周后）/He is going to Beijing in three days?/B> time.（三天后）
　　2.see…off为某人送行。如：We saw the foreigners off at the airport./Thousands of people were at the airport to see them off .
　　3.take a taxi to +地点“乘出租车去……”。如：We must take a taxi to the hospital to call on her.
　　4.have a nice/good time in /at +地点“在……过得愉快”。如：Have you had a nice time in Guangzhou?/Did you have a good time at the cinema?
　　注意：Have a nice /good time !祝你愉快！（是一个祝愿用语）。又如：Have a pleasant/good trip!/Have a good day!祝你走运！/Good luck to you!/Happy birthday!/Wish you good health!
　　注意下列表达：say goodbye to sb向……告别。say sorry to sb = apologize to sb向……道歉。say yes /no to a plan同意/否定一项计划。
　　5.be about to do即将干……正要……如：She was about to leave when the postman arrived.
　　注意区别：be about to do不与表示将来的具体时间状语连用。be going to do可以表示与将来的时间状语连用。
　　6.The same to you .祝你也如此。如：A: Happy New Year to you ! B: The same to you .
　　注意区别：(1)A: Have a good holiday! B: Thanks .The same to you .
　　　　　　　(2) A: Happy birthday to you ! B: Thank you very much.
　　　　　　　(3) A: Congratulations on your success! B: Thanks a lot .
　　7.get back = come back =return回来，返回。
　　8.tie…to …把……系在……
　　9.take off起飞；脱下。
　　10.every two years每两年。every second year= every other year每隔一天。
　　注意区别：every three days每三天=every third day每隔两天。every four days每四天=every fourth day每隔三天。every two kilometres每隔一公里（或者：每两公里）。every few hours每过几小时。这说明要用“每隔……”翻译成汉语时，要把英语中的数字减去一。如：The old man went to hospital every five days.那老汉每隔四天就去看一次病。There are buses to the station every ten minutes.每十分钟就有公共汽车去火车站。I went to see a film every two weeks.我每隔一星期去看一次电影。Please take the medicine every four hours .这药要每四小时服一次。（即每隔三小时）
　　11.in South America在南美洲
　　12.play the guitar弹奏吉他。有时也用：play one\'s guitar弹某人的吉他。
　　13.for miles and miles连绵数英里
　　14.stay long呆很久
　　15.for one or two years = for a year or two一两年
　　16.20 centimetres thick 20厘米厚
　　17.nothing but = nothing except = only只有。如：He has eaten nothing but a few pieces of bread since Sunday.
　　18.How long does the journey take you ?你旅行用了多长时间？
　
　D.大纲规定的单元日常核心交际用语指南
　　Good Wishes, Congratulations and Responses (祝愿、祝贺和应答)
　　(1)Idiomatic Sentences功能套语
　　请对方代你问候某人用：give one\'s regards to sb = give one\'s best wishes to sb = give one\'s best love to sb = give one\'s best regards to sb代向某人问候。如：Do give my best regards to your parents./say“Hi”/“Hello”to sb from sb = give one\'s regards to sb替某人向……问好。
　　Have a nice/good time./Good luck.祝你好运！/Have a good trip!祝旅途愉快！祝一路顺风！/How about you?你觉得怎样？/Best wishes to you !向你致以最良好的祝愿。/Congratulations!恭喜！/Merry Christmas!圣诞快乐！/Happy birthday to you !/Happy New Year!/You won the first place. I\'d like to be the first to congratulate you upon it . /Many congratulations on your happy birthday!/A merry Christmas and a happy New Year !/Happy Spring Festival!祝春节愉快！/I wish you good health./Good luck and success to you !/I wish you great success in your work in the future .祝你在今后的工作中取得更大的成就。/I wish you lots of happiness !/May everything you want come true ! 祝心想事成！/May New Year bring you all good things. 祝新年万事如意！/Best season greetings!衷心祝节日愉快！
　　(2)Model Dialogues交际示范
　　　Sara：Good evening, Mick. I\'m so glad you could come.
　　　Mick：Good evening, Sara.
　　　Sara：Please come in and take a seat.
　　　Mick：Happy birthday to you, Sara. This is for you.
　　　Sara：A gift for me ?
　　　Mick：Sure. Congratulations on this happy day.
　　　Sara：Thank you. (Open the gift)Oh, it\'s lovely and very beautiful.
　　　Mick：I\'m glad you like it .
　
　E.单元语法学习目标
　
　　本单元复习现在进行时的基本用法。了解现在进行时表示将来的特殊用法。区别be about to do, be going to do, will/shall do。现在进行时在测试中经常以不同语境出现，必须引起高度的重视。
　
二、学海导航
【学法指要】
　　现在进行时的测试要点
　　(1)表示此刻正进行的或者发生的动作，时间状语now, at the moment可有可无。如：Look! Dark clouds are gathering./He\'s playing a joke on me ./We\'re busy at the moment. I\'m selling cigarette. My father is selling some sweets.
　　(2)表示现阶段正进行而此刻不一定在进行的动作。时间状语now, these days可有可无。如：She is studying law while her brother is studying medicine./How are you getting along with your studies these days?/I usually get up at seven, but I\'m getting up at six every day this week./Is she working hard in the factory ?
　　(3)表示按计划安排近期将要发生的动作。常用于这种用法的动词有：go, come, do start, leave, arrive, return, begin, move, join, finish, drive等。如：We are meeting him after the meeting./ We\'re going to London next week./Mr.Zhang is leaving for Shanghai in a few days.
　　(4)用在时间或者条件状语从句中表示将来正进行的动作。如：I\'ll think about it while you\'re writing the report./When you are talking with him, take care not to mention this ./Will you post this letter for me if you are passing a post-box? If you are standing at the corner when I pass, I\'ll give you a lift into town.
　　(5)表示在刚刚过去的时间中发生的动作。如：I don\'t know what you\'re talking about. /you don\'t believe it ?you know I\'m telling the truth.
　　(6)动词hope, wonder用现在进行时表示委婉的口气。如：I\'m hoping you\'ll give us some advice. /I\'m hoping you can come and have lunch with me .I\'ve been wanting to ask you for a long time. /I\'m wondering if I may have a word with you./We are wondering if you have any suggestion.
　　(7)现在进行时和一般现在时的区别在于：表示现在经常性的动作用一般现在时，而表示现在暂时性的动作则用现在进行时。如：My watch works perfectly./My watch is working perfectly.
　　Always, continually, constantly, forever等与现在进行时连用往往带有喜、怒、赞扬、愤恨、讨厌、不满等的感情色彩。而用一般现在时只表示事实。如：John does fine work at school./He is always thinking of how he could do more for the people .(赞场)/He is constantly leaving things about.（讨论与不满）/She is always changing her clothes.（厌烦与嫉妒）
　
【妙文赏析】
　　A visitor visits an island where two tribes(部落) live. One tribe always tells the truth and the other always lies. The truth-tellers live on the western side of the island, and those who lie live on the eastern side. The visitor wants to determine whether the native beside him is a truth teller or not by asking only one question. He tells the native to go and ask that native in the distance which side of the island he lives on .When the messenger returns, he says to the visitor, “He says he lives on the western side of the island.”
　　Is the messenger a truth-teller? How can the visitor be sure ?
　　1.The native in the distance says he lives on the western side of the island.　According to his answer, which conclusion of the following is WRONG?
　　　A. He may live on the eastern side of the island.
　　　B. He may live on the western side of the island.
　　　C. He may be telling the truth.
　　　D. He can\'t be telling the truth.
　　2.According to the messenger\'s answer, the visitor can conclude that　　　 .
　　　A. the messenger lives on the western side of the island because he tells the truth
　　　B. the messenger probably lives on the eastern side of the island because his answer may be a lie
　　　C. it is hard to determine whether the messenger is a truth-teller or not
　　　D. the messenger probably lives on the western side of the island because his answer nay be true
　　3.The visitor himself doesn\'t go and ask the question of that native in the distance, because　　　　 .
　　　A. he is sure that the native beside him is a truth-teller
　　　B. he wants to decide which side of the island the messenger lives on according to his answer to the question.
　　　C. he wants to decide which side of the island that native in the distance lives on according to the messenger\'s answer
　　　D. he can\'t express himself in the native language
　　4.If the visitor goes to ask the native in the distance himself and decide which side of the island he lives on, the cleverest question should be“　　　　 ？”
　　　A. Which side of the island do you live on
　　　B. Do you live on the western side of the inland?
　　　C. You live on this island, don\'t you
　　　D. Do you like to tell lies or tell the truth
　　5.Which title of the following is the best?
　　　A. Visiting a Strange Island B. A Funny Story
　　　C.A Clever Question D. The Visitor and the Messenger
　
【答案与解析】
　　该短文以简单的情节表达了一个典型的逻辑推理过程。解题中必须正确理解其中几个情态动词的意义和表意愿倾向的副词。
　　1.选D。句中的can\'t在此是“不可能”，不是“可能不”，表示绝对否定，这不合事实。其它中的may都以合乎逻辑而起干扰项。2.选A。关键在于承认这一事实：只要“the messenger”带回的话是“远处的人说他住在岛的西边”，那么“the messenger”就属于说实话部落的人。3.选B。事实是，远处的人回答只有一种：他住岛西边，否则，带话者在撒谎。4.选C。选项A，问不出所以然；选项B，东边和西边人都会说住在岛的西边；选项D，无论对方是哪边人，都会说自己说的是实话，只有C，才能置对方于“两难境地”，如果说他是说谎部落的人，他的回答必然是“不住在岛上”，这是与事实相矛盾的。5.选C。从无论是测试the native beside him的问题，还是测试the native in the distance的问题，你不能不认为此篇最贴切的标题是“聪明的问题”。
　
【思维体操】
　　The following notice is posted in a bus terminal(终点站).Time Table:
　　—Buses leave the Railway Station, New York City, from 7:00a.m. every half-hour thereafter(此后)，until 11:30p.m.(7 days a week)
　　—Buses leaves the Brennan Station 20 minutes before and after every hour from 6:20 a.m. to 10:40 p.m.(7 days a week)
　　—Evening rush hours(5:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m.):Buses leave the Railway Station, New York City, every 15 minutes.(Monday-Friday)
　　—Holidays: Buses leave every hour on the hour, each direction.(Trip time:30 minutes each way)
　　—All tickets must be bought at window 12,the Railway station. New York City, or at the Brennan Station Window BEFORE boarding buses.
　　1.At which time does a bus leave New York for Brennan on Thursday ?
　　　A. 8:30 a.m. B. 10:15 a.m. C. 3:15 p.m. D.11:45 p.m.
　　2.Which is the lastest bus you could take from Brennan if you had to meet a friend in New york at 10:20 a.m. on Friday ?
　　　A. The 8:00 a.m. bus. B. The 9:40 a.m.bus.
　　　C. The 8:40 a.m. bus. D. The 9:20 a.m.bus.
　　3.Which is the latest bus you could take from Brennan if you had to meet a friend in New york at 10:20 a.m. on Friday ?
　　　A. 5:40 a.m. B. 9:00 a.m. C. 4:20 p.m. D. 11:40 p.m.
　　4.If you wand to take a bus in evening rush hours, you should take the bus in the Railway Station, New York City on Monday.
　　　A. 6:20 p.m. B. 5:45 p.m. C. 4:20 p.m. D.7:15 p.m.
　　5.Where should passengers buy their tickets ?
　　　A. From the bus driver before boarding the bus. B. On the bus after boarding the bus.
　　　C. At the window with the above notice. D. At a terminal ticket window.
　
【答案及解析】
　　1.考事实询问，由发车时刻表的第一条可知，公共汽车离开New York开往Brennan的时间是在上午7:00到夜间11:30之间每隔半小时一班，故A正确。
　　2.考是否理解并掌握文章提供的信息。由通知中发车时刻表的第二条可得知，公共汽车离开Brennan开往New York的时间是上午6:20到夜间10:40之间，每小时的前后20分钟各有一班，根据题意，最迟一班为下午9:40，无疑正确答案为B。
　　3.考查细节理解。答案需要通过观察得出，由发车时刻表第二条可以了解到，公共汽车由Brennan开往New York的时间是6:20 a.m.—10:40 p.m,先排除A、D。再根据每小时的前后20分钟各有一班，可以判断出答案为C。
　　4.考查事实询问。由发车时刻表第三条中可先排除C、D。再根据所提供的信息，公共汽车在晚上车辆高峰时期每15分钟一班，可以推知答案为B。
　　5.考查综合判断能力。对短文第一句及最后一句所提供的信息进行综合归纳，就可以判断出乘客购买车票的地点是在终点站窗口，故答案选D。
　
三、智能显示
【心中有数】
　　英语时态的异常表现
　　截止到本单元，同学们学习过的英语时态有如下异常表现：
　　一、在时间和条件状语从句中的谓语动词，常不使用将来时态。在将来时间条件下，用一般现在时取代一般将来时，用一般过去时，取代过去将来时。如：I\'ll go there with you if it doesn\'t rain tomorrow.(如果明天天不下雨，我将和你去那儿。)
　　二、结束性、终止性动作(find, know, finish, work out, hear等)常不用进行时态。如果遇到了now（现在）、at the moment（此刻）等时间状语时，最好用现在完成时表示。如：He has finished his homework now.（现在，他已完成了他的家庭作业。）
　　三、某些动词（多为表示起、止、往、返动作）的进行进态，可与表示将来的时间状语连用，表示将来发生的动作。如：I\'m leaving Beijing for Shanghai next week.(下周我将离开北京去上海。)
　　四、某些动词的现在进行时态，可以用来表示惯常发生的动作，只不过含有某种感情色彩。如：Mum! You\'re always telling others about me.（妈妈！你总是逢人就讲我的故事）
　　五、在表示客观真理的句子中，谓语动词用一般现在时。如：The teacher told the students that the sun is much bigger than the moon. (老师告诉学生们，太阳比月亮大得多。)
　　六、当主句的谓语动词用了一般过去时态时，宾语从句的谓语动词则一般应该用与其相应的某种过去时态。如：He told me he would go to the United States tomorrow.（他告诉我他明天将去美国。）
　　七、和某一准确过去时间状语连用的某一动作，即使它在另一动作之前发生，也不用过去完成时，仍用一般过去时。如 ：He told me that the was born in 1960.(他告诉我他生于1960年。)
　　八、在表示客气、委婉的问句中，往往用过去时态代替现在时态。如：Could you help me with English ?（您能帮助我学习英语吗？）
　　九、在表示不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句的谓语动词用过去时态（虚拟语气）。I wish you were on the moon now.(我但愿你现在就在月亮上。)
　　十、当时间状语从句的连词before, after, as soon as, until等时，即使主从句中的两个谓语表示的动作一先一后发生在过去，先发生的动作也不用过去完成时表示，都用一般过去时。例：He didn\'t leave until his mother came back.（直到他母亲回来，他才离开。）
　
【动脑动手】
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案：
　　1.My father went to his doctor for some advice about his heart disease 　　　 .
　　　A. each two weeks B. each second week
　　　C. every two weeks D. every other weeks
　　2.The train 　　　 when we hurried into the station.
　　　A. is leaving B. had left away C. has left D. was about to leave
　　3.There is nothing 　　　 sand in the Sahara Desert.
　　　A. but B. except for C. besides D. of
　　4.The chicken on the plate looks 　　　 and smells 　　　 as 　　　 .
　　　A. nice; good ;well B. well; nice; well C. good; nicely; good D. well; well ;well
　　5. A great change in people\'s thinking has 　　　 in the past few years.
　　　A. come along B. come about C. come over D. come up
　　6. Some important leaders have gone to the airport to 　　　 Chairman Jiang.
　　　A. send off B. put off C. see off D. turn off
　　7.—Have a nice weekend!
　　　— 　　　 .
　　　A. The same to you　　B. You do too　　C. The same as you　　D. You have a too
　　8.These plants are watered 　　　 .
　　　A. each othe day 　B. every other day　C. each of two days　D. every of two days
　　9.The doctor will be free 　　　 .
　　　A.10 minutes later B. after 10 minutes C. in 10 minutes D.10 minutes after
　　10.The price of oil is 　　　 than before.
　　　A. a little cheaper B. more high C. more expensive D. much lower
　　11.—My dress is made 　　　 silk. What about yours ?
　　　 —Mine is made 　　　 Mum\'s old things.
　　　A. from; of B. of; from C. of ; of D. from; from
　　12. Please say Hello to Mr.Wang 　　　 me when 　　　 him tomorrow.
　　　A. for; to see B. from; seeing C. through; see D. by; you will see
　　13.Nobody but I 　　　 about the matter.
　　　A. knows B. have known C. know D. is knowing
　　14.In the evening I loved sitting 　　　 the fire and 　　　 the guitar.
　　　A. on; played B. by; played C. beside; to play D. by; playing
　　15.Don\'t tie your horse 　　　 such a young tree, 　　　 ?
　　　A. with; do you B. on; do C. to; will D. in; would
　
【答案与解析】
　　1.选C。every two weeks= every second week =every other week每两周。英语中表示“每……”时常用every,不用each。但表示“在……两旁”中不用every。如：on each side of the river= on both sides of the river =on either side of the river在河的两岸。2.选D。可从时态上判断。leave表“离开”时不需再加away。该句可以从“火车正要离开、火车已经离开、火车正徐徐离开”理解。3.选A。nothing but /except= only仅仅，除了……以外什么也没有，只不过。又如：Nothing but miracle can save him.只有出现奇迹才能挽救得了他。4.选A。look, smell作系动词后接形容词。as well“也”。句意为：盘中的鸡肉不仅看起来让人垂涎欲滴，闻起来也让人感到味道好极了。5.选B。come about发生、变化。6.选C。see off送行。7.选A。也同样祝愿对方时在交际英语中常用：The same to you。8.选B。every other day =every two days =every second。9.选C。表将来时用in介词短语，而A、B、D选项用于过去时态。10.选D。价格论高低，物品论贵贱。11.选A。在表示“由……制造”时：be made of (可看出原材料),be made from (看不出原材料)，be made into（某物被制造成）。如：These glasses are made of glass.这些玻璃环是用玻璃制造的。=Glass can be made into glasses.玻璃可以被制造成玻璃杯。12.选B。say Hello to sb from sb =give one\'s regards to sb代某人向……问好。句子后部的时间状语从句用现在时代替将来时，when seeing =when you see。13.选A。由as well as, nothing but, rather than连接的并列名词作主语时，谓语与前面的一致。作“知道；了解”讲，know不用进行时态。14.选D。by the fire在火边。love后可接不定式或者动名词，但本句中与前面的sitting由and连接作并列的宾语。15.选C。tie…to系……到……否定祈使句后的反意疑问句用will you。
　
【创新园地】
　　本单元是一篇旅游日记，内容翔实，贴近生活。有不少的表达是测试中必备的。下面请同学们根据提示的情景，用英语写一篇100字左右的有关旅行的短文，不必逐字逐句的翻译，用第一人称的手法写。
　　情景提示：平时我乘火车或者汽车旅行，上个周末有幸第一次乘飞机去旅行。开始紧张，随后兴备。置身于高空云雾之中，俯瞰大地、山峦和河川，别有一番情趣。尽管行程短暂，但非常舒适，我觉得乘飞机比乘汔车有趣多了。
　
　
SEFC 1A
　
Unit 4创新园地答案
　
　　During the weekend I travelled by air for the first time in my life . I usually travel by train or by bus. It is both cheaper and safer. But to fly in the sky was something new to me . At the beginning I felt a little nervous. But very soon I became excited when I found myself high up in the sky among the clouds. I also found that the mountains, fields, and rivers were interestingly small. I enjoyed my short and comfortable journey very much. After all, it is more interesting to take a plane than to take a car.

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