Unit 25 At the conference

Unit 25 At the conference

教学目标

知识目标

一、通过本单元教学，进一步学习情态动词的用法。学生能初步掌握情态动词表判断推测的用法。要求学生能用自己的语言复述课文。

二、教学重点与难点

　　1．重点词汇 organize; repeat; attend; suppose; earn; send out; get through; ring back; make up; out of breath

　　2．重要句型 1) What a lot of information to send out! 2) Would you mind giving a talk today about DNA? 3) You must be joking! 4) You can't be serious!

　　3．语法 学习must, may, might, can't, could等情态动词的用法

　　4．日常交际用语 打电话(Making telephones): 1) Can you ring up. . . ? I can't get through. 2) The line's busy. I'll try again later. 3) Could I speak to. . . , please? 4) Hold on please. 5) Can I take a message? 6) This is . . . speaking. 7) Can you ask. . . to ring me back, please?

能力目标

　　1． 掌握本单元的重点词汇、词组和句型；运用相关词汇复述课文。

　　2． 情枋动词表猜测的具体用法。

　　3． 用英语谈谈英语学习中如何克服平时粗心大意的毛病。

德育及美育目标

　　让学生认识到粗心会给工作带来不利，并教育学生从现在起养成认真学习的良好习惯，培养严谨的工作作风，干好本职工作，将来更好地为人民服务。

 

教学建议

课文分析

　　本单元的课文是一篇幽默故事。通过这个有趣的故事，对粗心大意的人和事进行了含蓄的讽刺和批评，并通过它来教育学生克服粗心大意的不良习惯，养成严谨认真、一丝不苟的作风。

　　Part1 (Paragraph 1 ) Dr Baker accepted the invitation to the 199. . .Medical Conference in London.

　　Part 2 (Paragraphs 2—10) Dr Baker was surprised to be asked to give a talk on DNA, which he knew nothing.

　　Part 3 (Paragraphs 11—18) Someone had made a careless mistake by writing Dr D. Baker instead of Dr Peter Baker, and Dr Baker gave a talk on ENT.

　　下面的短文概括了这个幽默的主要内容，可供复述：

　　Dr Baker was very much surprised to receive an invitation to the 199. . . Medical Conference in London. However, he decided to attend the meeting himself. On the morning of the second day of the conference , the main speaker failed to arrive because of the bad weather at the airport. So he was asked to give a talk instead. When the organizer asked him to give a talk on DNA, Dr Baker told him that he was an expert on ENT. Later the organizer discovered the mistake. Though the organizer had put Dr P. Baker's name on the list of speakers, when the invitation list was being done, someone had made a careless mistake and had written “Dr D. Baker” instead. Anyhow Dr Baker did give a talk that day and everyone at the conference was very interested in it.

词汇分析

accept , receive

　　accept表示主观上“接受，接纳”

　　receive表示客观上“收到，受到，遭受，接受”，与主观愿望没关系

　　I received a gift, but I didn’t accept it.

　　The pop star received a warm welcome at the stadium

reply, answer

　　reply既可作不及物动词，也可作及物动同，还可作名词。作不及物动词时，作“回答”，“答复”解，可用 reply to sth／sb.；作及物动词时，是“回答”，“回答说”的意思，后接直接引语或宾语从句；用reply作名词时，作“回答”“答复”解，后可跟介词to，表示“对……的回答\答复”。

　　answer作及物动词时，后面可直接跟名词作其语，也可作名词，作“答案”“回答”解，后面也可跟介词to。

　　Have you replied to his invitation？

　　She didn’t answer my question．

　　ring back, ring off，ring up

　　1）ring back意为“回一个电话”。back是副词，其宾语是代词时，要将这个代词放在 back之前。

　　2）ring off意为“挂断电话”。

　　3）ring up意为“给某人打电话”。其中 up是副词，如有宾语，则将宾语放在up之前。如：

　　Tell him to ring me back when he returns home.他回家后告诉他给我回个电话。

　　I have to ring off now because many people are waiting to make a phone call. 我必须挂电话了，因为有很多人在等着打电话。

　　If you have any questions to ask me, please ring me up. 如果你有问题要问我，请打电话。

meeting, conference

　　二者都作“会议”解，其区别在于：

　　1）  meeting指一般性会议，可用于任何场合。

　　2）conference是比较正式的用语，指就专门问题进行研究或交换意见的会议或大型的会议。

　　We had a meeting thismoring．上午我们开了个会。

　　They will have a medical conference next week．下周他们有个医学研讨会。

organize，found，form

　　l）organize组建，筹备，其名词形式是organization。

　　2）found指“建立、成立”，强调打下基础或创建，仍有待进一步发展和完善。

　　3）form指“构成、形成”，强调所构成的东西必须具有外形或具有一定的结构或包含设计工作。

　　Let’s organize a volleyball team我们组建一个排球队吧。

　　This company was founded in 1872. 这家公司创立于 1872牛。

　　His character was formed in his childhood他的性格是在儿童时期养成的。

funny; interesting

　　这组形容词都可作“有趣的”解。

　　funny指由于有趣的行为、外表、性格或内容而逗人发笑，也可指不寻常的事令人“难于理解”。如：

　　interesting“令人感兴趣的”，表示主动引起别人兴趣。含有主动意味。作表语时，主语通常是物；作定语时，可修饰人，也可修饰物。如：

　　I heard such a funny story this morning. 早上我听了一个有趣的故事。

　　Zheng Jie has some interesting plans. 郑杰有一些有趣的计划。

　　That sounds very interesting. 听起来倒有是挺有趣的。

earn, gain, get ,win

　　这组动词都可表示“得到、获得”；但用法不同。

　　earn指经过艰苦努力所得的报偿，意为“赚得、挣得、博得”。

　　gain 指在斗争中、竞争中作出很大努力而“获得”，且所得东西具有一定价值。

　　get是这组向中最普通的用词，常用于口语，表示不管通过何种方式，无论是主动争取还是被动接受，只要是“获得”都可用get．

　　win指具有优越的特质或条件而能克服各种困难而“赢得”。

　　They have bought a new house．They must earn a lot of money．他们买了一所新房子，他们一定挣了许多钱。

　　I’m new on the job but I am already gaining experience．我干这工作是新手，但我已经在获得经验。

　　In Barcelona, the Chinese team got 16 gold medals．在巴塞罗那，中国队获得16块金牌。

　　Who won the race？这场赛跑谁赢了？

重点讲解

　　What a lot of invitations to send out！

　　短语动词“send out”作“发出、送出”解。例如：

　　The ship sent out a message for help．

　　“send out”与“give out”，“give off”同义，例如：

　　The sun sends out light and heat．

　　与send搭配的其他短语：

　　send for（派人去叫，请） send up（发射，把……送上去）

　　send back（遣返，送还）  send off（寄出，发出，为……送行）

　　send down使价格下降）   send round（传阅，传递）

　　send a message（发送消息）send a telegram（发电报）

　　send a blow（给人一击）  send sb. away（解雇）send sb. mad(drive sb. mad)（使人发狂）

　　If Dr Baker is in the hall，will he please make himself known to me？

　　句中的“make himself known to me”的意思是“向我作自我介绍”。这里的make作“使/令”解，常用于“make oneself+过去分词”结构，如：

　　make oneself known（使……被了解），make oneself understood（使……被理解）等。例如：

　　Will you please make yourself known to us in English？

　　Her voice is so low that she can’t make herself heard．

　　Hold on , please. 请稍等。

　　1）hold on表示“别挂，等一等”，是电话用语，等于hold the line，常用祈使句表示。如：

　　—Can I speak to Mr. Smith?

　　—Hold on , please. I’ll go and see if he is in.

　　—我想跟史密斯讲话，好吗？

　　—请稍等，我去看他在不在。

　　2）电话中“请等一下”还有。

　　A minute , please,

　　Just a minute.

　　Just a moment.

　　One moment, please.

　　Hang on a moment, please.

　　Hang on a minute, please.

　　Don't hang up , please.

　　Hold on a second, please.

　　Hold the line, please.

　　Would you hold the line a moment?

　　Would you wait a minute?

　　I can’t get through．我打不通电话。

　　get through到达，通过；（打电话）打通

　　①The letter I wrote to my mother got through at last on Sunday. 我给我母亲写的信终于在周日收到了。

　　②She was very happy because she got through the examination．因为她考试及格了，她很高兴。

与get搭配的短语有：

　　get back回来

　　get down从……下来

　　get down on sth．对……产生反感，开始不喜欢

　　get in进入，抵达，收获

　　get off下车

　　get on（along）相处融洽，（使）上车，穿上。

　　Make up a dialogue，using the following as a guide．利用下面的例子作为指导编一段对话。

　　make up：弥补，赔偿；编辑，编制；缝制，组成，整理（房间），结算（帐目）等。

　　①He lost much, so we must make it up to him somehow．他的损失太大了，无论怎样，我们得补偿他。

　　②I was ill yesterday. And I must go to the teachers’ office to make up the missed lessons．我昨天病了，我得去老师的办公室把耽误的课补上。

　　③The children shook their hands and made up．孩子们握手言和了。

　　An invitation to the 199…Medical Conference in London．”一份参加199…年在伦敦召开的医学大会的请柬。

invitation名词，“邀请”，其动词invite。

　　与invitation搭配的同组和短语有：

　　accept an invitation接受邀请

　　give somebody’s an invitation邀请某人

　　receive an invitation 收到请柬

　　refuse somebody’s invitation拒绝某人的邀请

　　send out an invitation发出请贴

　　at the invitation of somebody’s 应某人的邀请

　　on invitation应邀

　　an invitation from来自某人的邀请

　　“There must be some mistake．”sad Dr Baker．贝克博士说：“准是出了什么差错了。”

　　句中的some“某”，常用在单数可数名词之前，表示未知的，或说话人不愿意说明的人，地，物等。

　　①Please hurry up，there is someone waiting for you at the school gate．请快点，校门口有人等你。

　　②There must be some reason for him to be late again．想必有某种理由他才又迟到了。

语法---情态动词表示推测用法

　　用法：

　　1）must表示我们对某事很有把握，从逻辑上看是必然的，它只能用于肯定的陈述句中。在疑问句和否定句中，通常用can和can’t。

　　①John said the professor must be at least seventy, but Peter thought he couldn't be as old as that．约翰说那位教授至少有70岁，但彼得认为他不可能有那样老。

　　②He can't have been to your home. He doesn't know your address．他肯定没去过你家，他还不知道你的地址呢。

　　2）can和may表示推测时，语气较弱。在肯定句中，can常用来表示客观的逻辑上的可能性；而may表示事实上的可能性。如：

　　①Anyone can make mistakes．人人都会犯错误。

　　②He looks pale. He may be ill．他脸色苍白，可能病了。

在疑问句中，通常用can，不用may

　　－Can they have missed the bus? －Yes, they may have．

　　“他们会错过公共汽车吗？”“是的，也许会。”

　　3）can和may都可用于否定句，但含义不同。

　　can not表示“不可能”；may not表示“可能不”。

　　①She may not tell lies．她也许没有说谎。

　　②He can’t be her father; he is too young. 他不可能是她的父亲，他太年轻了。

例题：

　　Michael________ be a policeman, for he’s much too short.

　　A. needn’t    B. can’t    C. may    D. mustn’t

分析

　　needn’t表示“不必”；mustn’t常用来表示禁止，不允许；may表示一种可能性；can’t 则用来表示否定意义的推测，意为“不可能”，它是一种非常有把握的推测。正确答案为B项。

　　Sorry I’m late. I_______ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.

　　A. might     B. should     C. can     D. will

分析

　　说话者在找自己迟到的原因，并对过去的原因进行推测。can不用于表示肯定的推测。should have done表示“本应该做某事，但未做”，不合句意。所以答案为A项。

练习：

　　1. —The light is still on. Mrs Li ______ be in the office.

　　—She ______ be there because I saw her go home just now.

　　A. must, may  B. may, mustn't   C. must, can't   D. can, may not

　　2. At present too many trees ______ still ______ cut down.

　　A. is, being   B. are, to be    C. are, being   D. is. be

　　3. There must be ______ for his being late.

　　A. some reasons   B. some excuse  C. some reason  D. some results

　　4. The baby is sleeping. You ______ make any noise.

　　A. can't　　B. needn't　　C. mustn't　　D. don't have to

答案：1. C  2. C  3. C  4. C

 

 

Lesson 97 教学设计方案

Teaching Aims

　　1. Get to know how to make a telephone call.

　　2. Study the language points concerned with the dialogue.

　　3.Learn the dialogue by listening and act it out.

Teaching procedures

Step 1 Listening

Listen to the tape and then ask them some questions:

　　1. What do Mary and Lizzy have to do?

　　2. How many people are coming to the conference?

　　3. Why do they need the buses? Let's go on listening to the second part of the dialogue and see what happens when Mary rings the Bus Company.

　　4. Is Pat in the office?

　　5. What does Mary want Pat to do?

　　6. What’s Mary’s number?

Step2 Language study

　　Go through the dialogue briefly. Deal with the language points.

　　send out, get through, rig back , make up

Step 3 Performance

　　Make up the dialogue and then act it out in pairs. For example:

1.A: Can you ring up ….?

　B: Hold on , please.

　A:I can’t get through. The line’s busy.

　A: I’ll try again later.

　　　……….

2.A：Could I speak to …., please?

　B: Sorry, She’s out.

　A: Can I take a message ?

　B: Yes.

　A: Can you ask…to ring me back, please?

　…….

Step 4 Practise

　　Situation 1:You want to visit the History Museum and you make a phone call, asking about the price of tickets; any cheaper tickets for students; the time the museum is open to public; whether it closes at weekends; what are on show and other things you want to know.

　　Situation2: You are supposed to organize a class-meeting next Monday. You make a phone call to your teacher, telling him/her your plan and ask for your teacher’s opinions.

Step 5 Exercises

　　Do the exercises in workbook L. 97.

Step 6 Homework

　　Finish the Workbook exercises.

　　Practise the dialogues in this lesson with a classmate.

 

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