历届高考词序考点简析

历届高考词序考点简析

词序是高考试题中常考的内容，同时也是中学教材的重点和难点。为便于同学们复习，下面我们把高考中 所出现的各种词序题归类简析如下：
    一、短语动词中宾语的位置
    （79MET）. If you don't know the word, why don't you______in the dictionary.
    （A）look at it （B）look after it
    （C）look up it （D）look it up
    析：答案为D。其意指“查（字典等）”，A意为“看”，B 意为“照顾”均不符题意，故排除。由动词加 副词构成的短语，其宾语是名词时，宾语可放在整个短语后面，也可插在动词与副词之间，但宾语是代词时， 代词宾语只能插在动词与副词之间。
    试题选练：（画线项为答案，下同）
    （83MET）.If you are at home this evening, I'll________.
    （A）ring you on （B）ring upon you
    （C）ring to you （D）ring you up
    ──────-
    （78MET）.I need a day or two________
    （A）to think it over
    ──────────
    （B）to think over it
    （C）of thinking
    二、虚拟语气省略if时的词序
    （95上海）.______ for the free tickets, I would not havegone to the films so often.
    （A）If it is not
    （B）Were it not
    （C）Had it not been
    （D）If they were not
    析：答案为C。这是一个与过去相反的虚拟条件从句的省略形式，当从句中的if省略时，从句要用倒装句。 这类倒装句只需将助动词、情态动词或系动词提至主语前即可。常见句式更换如下：
    a.与现在相反：If I were you (=Were I you) , I would go
    ──with him.
    b.与过去相反：If I had had time then (=Had I had time
    ──then), I would have gone with you.
    c.与将来相反：If I were to visit/should visit/visited the Great Wall tomorrow, (=Were I to /Should I visit the Great
    ── ───Wall tomorrow), I would take my son with me.
    注意：在否定句中not不可提至主语前，如：
    （误）Weren't I here now, I would be in the bus.
    ────
    （正）Were I not here now, I would be in the bus.
    ──
    试题选练：（94上海）.______ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Y angpu Bridge.
    （A）Were （B）Should
    ────
    （C）Would （D）Will
    _______ your letter, I would have written back two daysago.
    （A）If I received
    （B）Should Ireceive
    （C）Had I received
    ────────
    （D）If I could have received
    三、否定词放在句首时的词序
    （91MET）"Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?" "I don't know,_____
    （A）nor don't I care
    （B）nor do I care
    （C）I don't care neither
    （D）I don't care also
    析：答案为B。A项多了not，C项、D项分别要改neither、 also 为either。否定词作状语放在句首时要用 倒装句，倒

装句只需将情态动词、助动词、系动词be提至主语首即可（见例2）。 实意动词的倒装要在主语前 面加助动词 do，does，did等，此时谓语动词要用动词原形（见例1）。常见的否定词或结构有：neither/nor /never/hardly/ little/seldom/ scarcely/ barely/ not until/no sooner than/hardly when/not only…b ut also/at no time/not once/by no means   

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